Comparison of HIV-1 Genotypic Resistance Test Interpretation Systems in Predicting Virological Outcomes Over Time

BACKGROUND: Several decision support systems have been developed to interpret HIV-1 drug resistance genotyping results. This study compares the ability of the most commonly used systems (ANRS, Rega, and Stanford’s HIVdb) to predict virological outcome at 12, 24, and 48 weeks. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Included were 3763 treatment-change episodes (TCEs) for which a HIV-1 genotype was […]
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HIV-1 fitness landscape models for indinavir treatment pressure using observed evolution in longitudinal sequence data are predictive for treatment failure

Authors: Beheydt G, Bruzzone B, Camacho RJ, De Luca A, Deforche K, Grossman Z, Imbrechts S, Incardona F, Libin P, Pironti A, Rhee SY, Ruiz L, Sangeda RZ, Shafer RW, Sönnerborg A, Theys K, Torti C, Van de Vijver DA, Van Laethem K, Van Wijngaerden E, Vandamme AM, Vercauteren J, Zazzi M
Journal: Infection Genetics and Evolution
Link: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23523594

We previously modeled the in vivo evolution of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) under drug selective pressure from cross-sectional viral sequences. These fitness landscapes (FLs) were made by using first a Bayesian network (BN) to map epistatic substitutions, followed by scaling the fitness landscape based on an HIV evolution simulator trying to evolve the sequences from treatment naïve patients into sequences from patients failing treatment.
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Cellular HIV-1 DNA levels in drug sensitive strains are equivalent to those in drug resistant strains in newly-diagnosed patients in Europe

Authors: Balotta C, Clotet B, Demetriou VL, Grossman Z, Jørgensen LB, Kostrikis LG, Kousiappa I, Lepej SZ, Levy I, Nielsen C, Paraskevis D, Poljak M, Roman F, Ruiz L, Schmidt JC, Van de Vijver DA, Vercauteren J, Vandamme AM, Van Laethem K
Journal: PLoS One
Link: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20544014

BACKGROUND:
HIV-1 genotypic drug resistance is an important threat to the success of antiretroviral therapy and transmitted resistance has reached 9% prevalence in Europe. Studies have demonstrated that HIV-1 DNA load in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) have a predictive value for disease progression, independently of CD4 counts and plasma viral load.
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Treatment-associated polymorphisms in protease are significantly associated with higher viral load and lower CD4 count in newly diagnosed drug-naive HIV-1 infected patients.

BACKGROUND:
The effect of drug resistance transmission on disease progression in the newly infected patient is not well understood. Major drug resistance mutations severely impair viral fitness in a drug free environment, and therefore are expected to revert quickly. Compensatory mutations, often already polymorphic in wild-type viruses, do not tend to revert after transmission.
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Geographic and Temporal Trends in the Molecular Epidemiology and Genetic Mechanisms of Transmitted HIV-1 Drug Resistance: An Individual-Patient- and Sequence-Level Meta-Analysis

Authors: Aghokeng AF, Albert J, Avi R, Avila-Rios S, Bertagnolio S, Bessong PO, Blanco JL, Boucher CA, Brooks JI, Brumme ZL, Busch MP, Bussmann H, Chaix ML, Chin BS, D'Aquin TT, De Gascun CF, de Wit TR, Derache A, Descamps D, Deshpande AK, Djoko CF, Eshleman SH, Fleury H, Frange P, Fujisaki S, Hamers RL, Harrigan PR, Hattori J, Holguin A, Hunt GM, Ichimura H, Ioannidis JPA, Jordan MR, Kaleebu P, Katzenstein D, Kiertiburanakul S, Kim JH, Kim SS, Lemey P, Li Y, Lutsar I, Morris L, Ndembi N, Ng KP, Paranjape RS, Peeters M, Poljak M, Price MA, Ragonnet-Cronin ML, Reyes-Terán G, Rhee SY, Rolland M, Shafer RW, Sirivichayakul S, Smith DM, Soares MA, Soriano VV, Ssemwanga D, Stanojevic M, Stefani MA, Sugiura W, Sungkanuparph S, Tanuri A, Taylor J, Tee KK, Truong HM, Van de Vijver DA, Vandamme AM, Varghese V, Vidal N, Yang C, Yang R, Yebra G
Publication Year: 2015
Journal: Plos Medicine
Link: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25849352

BACKGROUND: Regional and subtype-specific mutational patterns of HIV-1 transmitted drug resistance (TDR) are essential for informing first-line antiretroviral (ARV) therapy guidelines and designing diagnostic assays for use in regions where standard genotypic resistance testing is not affordable. We sought to understand the molecular epidemiology of TDR and to identify the HIV-1 drug-resistance mutations responsible for […]
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Comparison of HIV-1 Genotypic Resistance Test Interpretation Systems in Predicting Virological Outcomes Over Time

HIV-1 fitness landscape models for indinavir treatment pressure using observed evolution in longitudinal sequence data are predictive for treatment failure

Cellular HIV-1 DNA levels in drug sensitive strains are equivalent to those in drug resistant strains in newly-diagnosed patients in Europe

Treatment-associated polymorphisms in protease are significantly associated with higher viral load and lower CD4 count in newly diagnosed drug-naive HIV-1 infected patients.

Geographic and Temporal Trends in the Molecular Epidemiology and Genetic Mechanisms of Transmitted HIV-1 Drug Resistance: An Individual-Patient- and Sequence-Level Meta-Analysis

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