Limited cross-border infections in patients newly diagnosed with HIV in Europe

Authors: Abecasis AB, Albert J, Åsjö B, Balotta C, Beshkov D, Camacho RJ, Clotet B, Coughlan S, De Wit S, Frentz D, Griskevicius A, Grossman Z, Hamouda O, Horban A, Jørgensen LB, Kolupajeva T, Korn K, Kostrikis LG, Kücherer C, Liitsola K, Linka M, Nielsen C, Otelea D, Paraskevis D, Paredes R, Poljak M, Schmit JC, Sönnerborg A, Staneková D, Stanojevic M, Struck D, Vandamme AM, Wensing AMJ
Publication Year: 2013
Journal: Retrovirology
Link: http://www.retrovirology.com/content/10/1/36

International travel plays a role in the spread of HIV-1 across Europe. It is, however, not known whether international travel is more important for spread of the epidemic as compared to endogenous infections within single countries. In this study, phylogenetic associations among HIV of newly diagnosed patients were determined across Europe.
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Cellular HIV-1 DNA levels in drug sensitive strains are equivalent to those in drug resistant strains in newly-diagnosed patients in Europe

Authors: Balotta C, Clotet B, Demetriou VL, Grossman Z, Jørgensen LB, Kostrikis LG, Kousiappa I, Lepej SZ, Levy I, Nielsen C, Paraskevis D, Poljak M, Roman F, Ruiz L, Schmidt JC, Van de Vijver DA, Vercauteren J, Vandamme AM, Van Laethem K
Journal: PLoS One
Link: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20544014

BACKGROUND:
HIV-1 genotypic drug resistance is an important threat to the success of antiretroviral therapy and transmitted resistance has reached 9% prevalence in Europe. Studies have demonstrated that HIV-1 DNA load in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) have a predictive value for disease progression, independently of CD4 counts and plasma viral load.
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Treatment-associated polymorphisms in protease are significantly associated with higher viral load and lower CD4 count in newly diagnosed drug-naive HIV-1 infected patients.

BACKGROUND:
The effect of drug resistance transmission on disease progression in the newly infected patient is not well understood. Major drug resistance mutations severely impair viral fitness in a drug free environment, and therefore are expected to revert quickly. Compensatory mutations, often already polymorphic in wild-type viruses, do not tend to revert after transmission.
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Clinical Evaluation of Rega 8: An Updated Genotypic Interpretation System That Significantly Predicts HIV-Therapy Response

Authors: Camacho R, Clotet B, De Luca A, Geretti AM, Grossman Z, Kaiser R, Prosperi M, Schmit JC, Sönnerborg A, Torti C, Van Wijngaerden E, Vercauteren J, Zazzi M, Beheydt G, Imbrechts S, Libin P, Vandamme AM, Van Laethem K
Journal: PLoS One
Link: http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0061436

Clinically evaluating genotypic interpretation systems is essential to provide optimal guidance in designing potent individualized HIV-regimens. This study aimed at investigating the ability of the latest Rega algorithm to predict virological response on a short and longer period.
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HIV-1 subtype is an independent predictor of reverse transcriptase mutation k65r in HIV-1 patients treated with combination antiretroviral therapy including tenofovir

Authors: Abecasis AB, Camacho RJ, Clotet B, De Luca A, Grossman Z, Schülter E, Snoeck J, Sönnerborg A, Struck D, Theys K, Torti C, Vandamme AM, Vercauteren J, Zazzi M
Journal: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
Link: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23183438

Subtype-dependent selection of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase resistance mutation K65R was previously observed in cell culture and small clinical investigations. We compared K65R prevalence across subtypes A, B, C, F, G, and CRF02_AG separately in a cohort of 3,076 patients on combination therapy including tenofovir. K65R selection was significantly higher in HIV-1 subtype C. This could not be explained by clinical and demographic factors in multivariate analysis, suggesting subtype sequence-specific K65R pathways.
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Limited cross-border infections in patients newly diagnosed with HIV in Europe

Cellular HIV-1 DNA levels in drug sensitive strains are equivalent to those in drug resistant strains in newly-diagnosed patients in Europe

Treatment-associated polymorphisms in protease are significantly associated with higher viral load and lower CD4 count in newly diagnosed drug-naive HIV-1 infected patients.

Clinical Evaluation of Rega 8: An Updated Genotypic Interpretation System That Significantly Predicts HIV-Therapy Response

HIV-1 subtype is an independent predictor of reverse transcriptase mutation k65r in HIV-1 patients treated with combination antiretroviral therapy including tenofovir

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