Limited cross-border infections in patients newly diagnosed with HIV in Europe

Authors: Abecasis AB, Albert J, Åsjö B, Balotta C, Beshkov D, Camacho RJ, Clotet B, Coughlan S, De Wit S, Frentz D, Griskevicius A, Grossman Z, Hamouda O, Horban A, Jørgensen LB, Kolupajeva T, Korn K, Kostrikis LG, Kücherer C, Liitsola K, Linka M, Nielsen C, Otelea D, Paraskevis D, Paredes R, Poljak M, Schmit JC, Sönnerborg A, Staneková D, Stanojevic M, Struck D, Vandamme AM, Wensing AMJ
Publication Year: 2013
Journal: Retrovirology
Link: http://www.retrovirology.com/content/10/1/36

International travel plays a role in the spread of HIV-1 across Europe. It is, however, not known whether international travel is more important for spread of the epidemic as compared to endogenous infections within single countries. In this study, phylogenetic associations among HIV of newly diagnosed patients were determined across Europe.
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Evolution of the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 envelope in the first years of infection is associated with the dynamics of the neutralizing antibody response

Authors: Barroso H, Bártolo I, Borrego P, Calado R, Cavaco-Silva P, Família C, Gomes P, Leitner T, Marcelino JM, Quintas A, Rocha C, Rosado L, Skar H, Taveira N
Journal: Retrovirology
Link: http://www.retrovirology.com/content/10/1/110

Differently from HIV-1, HIV-2 disease progression usually takes decades without antiretroviral therapy and the majority of HIV-2 infected individuals survive as elite controllers with normal CD4+ T cell counts and low or undetectable plasma viral load. Neutralizing antibodies (Nabs) are thought to play a central role in HIV-2 evolution and pathogenesis. However, the dynamic of the Nab response and resulting HIV-2 escape during acute infection and their impact in HIV-2 evolution and disease progression remain largely unknown. Our objective was to characterize the Nab response and the molecular and phenotypic evolution of HIV-2 in association with Nab escape in the first years of infection in two children infected at birth.
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Treatment-associated polymorphisms in protease are significantly associated with higher viral load and lower CD4 count in newly diagnosed drug-naive HIV-1 infected patients.

BACKGROUND:
The effect of drug resistance transmission on disease progression in the newly infected patient is not well understood. Major drug resistance mutations severely impair viral fitness in a drug free environment, and therefore are expected to revert quickly. Compensatory mutations, often already polymorphic in wild-type viruses, do not tend to revert after transmission.
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HIV-1 sub- type distribution and its demographic determinants in newly diagnosed patients in Europe suggest highly compartmentalized epidemics

Authors: Abecasis AB, Albert J, Åsjö B, Balotta C, Beshkov D, Boucher CA, Camacho RJ, Clotet B, De Gascun C, Griskevicius A, Grossman Z, Hamouda O, Horban A, Kolupajeva T, Korn K, Kostrikis LG, Kücherer C, Liitsola K, Linka M, Nielsen C, Otelea D, Paraskevis D, Paredes R, Poljak M, Puchhammer-Stöckl E, Schmit JC, Sönnerborg A, Staneková D, Stanojevic M, Struck D, Theys K, Van de Vijver DMC, Vandamme AM, Vercauteren J, Wensing AMJ
Publication Year: 2013
Journal: Retrovirology
Link: http://www.retrovirology.com/content/10/1/7

Understanding HIV-1 subtype distribution and epidemiology can assist preventive measures and clinical decisions. Sequence variation may affect antiviral drug resistance development, disease progression, evolutionary rates and transmission routes.
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An integrated map of HIV genome-wide variation from a population perspective

Authors: Faria NR, Khouri R, Lemey P, Li G, Piampongsant S, Pineda-Peña AC, Theys K, Vandamme AM, Voet A
Publication Year: 2015
Journal: Retrovirology
Link: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4358901/

Background: The HIV pandemic is characterized by extensive genetic variability, which has challenged the development of HIV drugs and vaccines. Although HIV genomes have been classified into different types, groups, subtypes and recombinants, a comprehensive study that maps HIV genome-wide diversity at the population level is still lacking to date. This study aims to characterize […]
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Limited cross-border infections in patients newly diagnosed with HIV in Europe

Evolution of the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 envelope in the first years of infection is associated with the dynamics of the neutralizing antibody response

Treatment-associated polymorphisms in protease are significantly associated with higher viral load and lower CD4 count in newly diagnosed drug-naive HIV-1 infected patients.

HIV-1 sub- type distribution and its demographic determinants in newly diagnosed patients in Europe suggest highly compartmentalized epidemics

An integrated map of HIV genome-wide variation from a population perspective

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