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Role of calcium in the efflux system of Escherichia coli.

Efflux of antibiotics by Escherichia coli AG100 is performed by a variety of efflux pumps, ensuring survival of the bacterium in widely diverse media. At pH 5, efflux is independent of metabolic energy during the period of time the assay is conducted; at pH 8 it is totally dependent upon metabolic energy.
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Genetic response of Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis to thioridazine rendering the organism resistant to the agent.

Thioridazine (TZ)-induced accumulation of the universal efflux pump substrate ethidium bromide and its subsequent efflux by Salmonella strains with various degrees of overexpressed efflux pumps takes place automatically at pH 7.4, is independent of a metabolic source, is not affected by a proton ionophore and is precluded by palmitic acid.
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Competition between substrates of the efflux pump system of Salmonella enteritidis.

AIM:
To determine whether tetracycline competes with ethidium bromide (EB), used as substrate of efflux pumps, for extrusion by the efflux pump system of Salmonella enteritidis NCTC 13349 reference strain.
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Inhibition of quorum sensing and efflux pump system by trifluoromethyl ketone proton pump inhibitors.

BACKGROUND:
One major microbiological problem is the widespread antibiotic resistance. There is an urgent need for new antibiotics and ways to treat multi-drug-resistant infections. Inhibition of bacterial quorum sensing (QS) systems could be an effective alternative in a smuch as they regulate a broad spectrum of cell functions, including, virulence factor production, biofilm organisation and motility. Influx and efflux bacterial systems involved in quorum sensing (QS) are known to depend on the proton motive force (PMF). Thus, a new series of 12 trifluoromethyl ketones (TFs) known to inhibit the PMF, was investigated for effects on the efflux pump of a QS responding bacterium, for its subsequent effect on the response to a QS signal and its direct inhibition of the response to a QS signal.
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Ethidium bromide efflux by Salmonella: modulation by metabolic energy, pH, ions and phenothiazines

The main efflux pump of Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis, which obtains its energy for the extrusion of noxious agents from the proton-motive force, was studied with the aid of an ethidium bromide (EtBr) semi-automated method under conditions that define the role of metabolic energy, ions and pH in the extrusion of the universal substrate EtBr.
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About GHTM

GHTM is a R&D Center that brings together researchers from IHMT with a track record in Tropical Medicine and International/Global Health. It aims at strengthening Portugal's role as a leading partner in the development and implementation of a global health research agenda. Our evidence-based interventions contribute to the promotion of equity in health and to improve the health of populations.

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