New patentable use of an old neuroleptic compound thioridazine to combat tuberculosis: a gene regulation perspective.

Authors: Amaral L, Dastidar SG, Dutta NK, Karakousis PC, Mazumdar K
Journal: Recent Patents on Anti-Infective Drug Discovery
Link: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=New+patentable+use+of+an+old+neuroleptic+compound+thioridazine+to+combat+tuberculosis%3A+a+gene+regulation+perspective

Use of the old antipsychotic phenothiazine thioridazine (THZ) for therapy of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) tuberculosis (TB) infection is now being seriously considered.
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Identification of efflux pump-mediated multidrug-resistant bacteria by the ethidium bromide-agar cartwheel method.

Authors: Amaral L, Costa SS, Couto I, Fanning S, Martins M, Pacheco T, Pagès JM, Viveiros M
Journal: In vivo
Link: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Identification+of+efflux+pump+mediated+multi-drug+resistant+bacteria+by+the+ethidium+bromide-agar+cartwheel+method

BACKGROUND/AIM:
Bacterial multidrug resistance may be mediated by the overexpression of efflux pumps. Conventional evaluation of efflux activity using efflux pump substrates, such as ethidium bromide, requires specialised instrumentation. The agar-based method, previously reported, has been modified to evaluate as many as twelve bacterial strains and has been termed the ethidium bromide-agar cartwheel method.
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Antibacterial properties of compounds isolated from Carpobrotus edulis.

Authors: Amaral L, Hohmann J, Martins A, Molnar J, Vasas A, Viveiros M
Journal: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents
Link: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21411294

Several compounds isolated from the plant Carpobrotus edulis were evaluated for their activity against multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria and their efflux pump systems.
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Role of calcium in the efflux system of Escherichia coli.

Authors: Amaral L, Cerca P, Costa S, Machado L, Martins A, Spengler G, Viveiros M
Journal: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents
Link: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Role+of+calcium+in+the+efflux+system+of+Escherichia+coli.

Efflux of antibiotics by Escherichia coli AG100 is performed by a variety of efflux pumps, ensuring survival of the bacterium in widely diverse media. At pH 5, efflux is independent of metabolic energy during the period of time the assay is conducted; at pH 8 it is totally dependent upon metabolic energy.
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Genetic response of Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis to thioridazine rendering the organism resistant to the agent.

Authors: Amaral L, Cerca P, Costa SS, Couto I, Fanning S, Machado L, Martins A, Martins M, McCusker M, Molnar J, Ntokou E, Rodrigues L, Spengler G, Viveiros M
Journal: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents
Link: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Genetic+response+of+Salmonella+enterica+serotype+Enteritidis+to+thioridazine+rendering+the+organism+resistant+to+the+agent

Thioridazine (TZ)-induced accumulation of the universal efflux pump substrate ethidium bromide and its subsequent efflux by Salmonella strains with various degrees of overexpressed efflux pumps takes place automatically at pH 7.4, is independent of a metabolic source, is not affected by a proton ionophore and is precluded by palmitic acid.
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New patentable use of an old neuroleptic compound thioridazine to combat tuberculosis: a gene regulation perspective.

Identification of efflux pump-mediated multidrug-resistant bacteria by the ethidium bromide-agar cartwheel method.

Antibacterial properties of compounds isolated from Carpobrotus edulis.

Role of calcium in the efflux system of Escherichia coli.

Genetic response of Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis to thioridazine rendering the organism resistant to the agent.

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