- Autores: Gert Van der Auwera, Leigh Davidsson, Pierre Buffet, Marie-Thérèse Ruf, Marina Gramiccia, Stefania Varani, Carmen Chicharro, Aldert Bart, Gundel Harms, Peter L. Chiodini, Hanne Brekke, Florence Robert-Gangneux, Sofia Cortes, Jaco J Verweij, Alessandra Scarabello, Sara Karlsson Söbirk, Romain Guéry, Saskia van Henten, Trentina Di Muccio, Elena Carra, Pieter van Thiel, Martin Vandeputte, Valeria Gaspari, Johannes Blum, LeishMan Surveillance network
- Ano de Publicação: 2022
- Journal: Eurosurveillance, 27(4)
- Link: https://www.eurosurveillance.org/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2022.27.4.2002028
ABSTRACT
‘Background:’
Surveillance of human leishmaniasis in Europe is mostly limited to country-specific information from autochthonous infections in the southern part. As at the end of 2021, no integrated analysis has been performed for cases seen across centres in different European countries.
‘Aim:’
To provide a broad perspective on autochthonous and imported leishmaniasis cases in endemic and non-endemic countries in Europe.
‘Methods:’
We retrospectively collected records from cutaneous, mucosal and visceral leishmaniasis cases diagnosed in 15 centres between 2014 and 2019. Centres were located in 11 countries: Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Data on country of infection, reason for travelling, infecting species, age and sex were analysed.
‘Results:’
We obtained diagnostic files from 1,142 cases, of which 76%, 21% and 3% had cutaneous, visceral, and mucosal disease, respectively. Of these, 68% were men, and 32% women, with the median age of 37 years (range: 0–90) at diagnosis. Visceral leishmaniasis was mainly acquired in Europe (88%; 167/190), while cutaneous leishmaniasis was primarily imported from outside Europe (77%; 575/749). Sixty-two percent of cutaneous leishmaniasis cases from outside Europe were from the Old World, and 38% from the New World. Geographic species distribution largely confirmed known epidemiology, with notable exceptions.
‘Conclusions:’
Our study confirms previous reports regarding geographic origin, species, and traveller
subgroups importing leishmaniasis into Europe. We demonstrate the importance of pooling species typing data from many centres, even from areas where the aetiology is presumably known, to monitor changing epidemiology.
KEYWORDS
Kinetoplastid; parasites; parasitic infection; disease; lethal; Leishmania; leishmaniases; visceral leishmaniasis; cutaneous leishmaniasis.