GHTM

Global Health and Tropical Medicine

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The effect of primary drug resistance on CD4 cell decline and the viral load set-point in HIV-positive individuals before the start of antiretroviral therapy

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of primary resistance and selected polymorphic amino-acid substitutions in HIV reverse transcriptase and protease on the CD4 cell count and viral load set point before the start of antiretroviral treatment. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. METHODS: A total of 6180 individuals with a resistance test prior to starting antiretroviral treatment accessing […]
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Time to harmonize dengue nomenclature and classification

Dengue virus (DENV) is estimated to cause 390 million infections per year worldwide. A quarter of these infections manifest clinically and are associated with a morbidity and mortality that put a significant burden on the affected regions. Reports of increased frequency, intensity, and extended geographical range of outbreaks highlight the virus’s ongoing global spread. Persistent […]
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Ethical considerations in global HIV phylogenetic research

Phylogenetic analysis of pathogens is an increasingly powerful way to reduce the spread of epidemics, including HIV. As a result, phylogenetic approaches are becoming embedded in public health and research programmes, as well as outbreak responses, presenting unique ethical, legal, and social issues that are not adequately addressed by existing bioethics literature. We formed a […]
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Expert consensus statement on the science of HIV in the context of criminal law

INTRODUCTION: Globally, prosecutions for non-disclosure, exposure or transmission of HIV frequently relate to sexual activity, biting, or spitting. This includes instances in which no harm was intended, HIV transmission did not occur, and HIV transmission was extremely unlikely or not possible. This suggests prosecutions are not always guided by the best available scientific and medical […]
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The impact of HIV-1 within-host evolution on transmission dynamics

The adaptive potential of HIV-1 is a vital mechanism to evade host immune responses and antiviral treatment. However, high evolutionary rates during persistent infection can impair transmission efficiency and alter disease progression in the new host, resulting in a delicate trade-off between within-host virulence and between-host infectiousness. This trade-off is visible in the disparity in […]
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About GHTM

GHTM is a R&D Unit that brings together researchers with a track record in Tropical Medicine and International & Global Health. It aims at strengthening Portugal's role as a leading partner in the development and implementation of a global health research agenda. Our evidence-based interventions contribute to the promotion of equity in health and to improve the health of populations.

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